Can anyone explain to me how to use turbo, which cars have it, and what besides control are drawbacks?
You should be able to check the car description if it mentions the car engine aspiration type ( normal or forced induction/turbo ). When driving, listen to the boost spooling up ( whoosh noise ) as you rev the engine, on cars with blow off valve, when you lift the gas or shift gears, you should hear loud/audible noise from gas vented to atmosphere ( sound can be varied from high pitched noise whoosh/whistle or crackle ).
Drawbacks of increasing boost pressure, usually you have more power/torque that can be harder to control if it spikes, and if the car already suffers turbo lag, you will have more lag as the exhaust pressure required to full boost is higher, and engine tend to wear more with more boost, more heat ( depending on intercooler size/effectiveness ).
Rising temperature usually leads to overheated engine, loss of boost pressure, loss of power and if ECU has fail safe, will retard the timing and reduce max RPM, limit throttle or worse the engine will detonate/ping due to running too lean ( not enough fuel, too much oxygen/air ) and with continued abuse, crack the bottom end/block, melt piston, blow gasket or throw a rod or spun a bearing ( dead engine ) Blown turbo also can happen, most cars have turbo that also has limits of max pressure allowed.
Example R34 GTR Vspec from real life, stock turbo/stock engine internal max safe boost 1.15-1.2 Bar, for stock turbo and N1 like in Vspec Nur it can go to around 1.4 Bar before it can damage the turbo itself ( usually don't last long due to heat ) and the power efficiency usually hover around 1.3 Bar on N1 turbine anyway. In real life, turbo cars will need a very good ECU mapping and proper tuning ( head gasket, cooling, fuel supply/injector etc ) when increasing boost pressure, it's not just turn up the wick and go ( higher octane and cooler air charge/temp also turbo cars best friend ) Ambient temp plays a role on turbo cars on higher boost, low temp/cold weather, cooler engine, more boost, more power, less likely to overheat to certain extent ( depending on the limit of the engine/turbo ). A charge temp of less than 20 degree celcius usually enough to see the difference when driven. Not to forget altitude, denser air also has effect on turbo cars
Usually stock bottom end engine + turbo with no specific tuning to withstand higher boost will start to suffer after 5 minutes of overboost.
