Sorry I was reading a
saga on another forum from about 4 years ago, crazy stuff... Anyhow...
Ok I have all the info you need on the wiring. However, you may have a difficult time finding the connector necessary. I would suggest you take a break for now, unless you live somewhere that it's the middle of the day currently.
Then go to the electronics store and see if they have shrink tubing that will shrink to fit your wires. It'll probably be the smallest they have there. Get a little bit of wire that is the same size as the stock wires as well.
Put the unshrunk tubing around the wires, don't shrink it. (do this first)

trust me
Solder things back up to the way you had them in the photo you sent. Make sure the wires are secure in the connector. Double check the solder joints.
Move the tubing so it covers the solder joints. Shrink the tubing with a lighter, carefully, it doesn't take much.
Now... I would bet that most of your the issues were caused by not having that piece of plastic in there. They wouldn't have it there for no reason. As well, if it's separating metal from the circuit board, it SURELY needs to be there.

Even if it doesn't look like it needs to be. Hopefully the wheel is fine and nothing was damaged from any shorting.
I have a feeling that with the plastic back in there, everything will be back to normal.
I can help with the wiring sometime tomorrow evening probably, if necessary. Otherwise, I have to work at my day job tomorrow
