They gave those corners some really long and hard to remember names, but I have a better one
They should have just called the Karussell: "The really annoying banked corner with the grid thing on it that only ever spins you out when you are in first place"
Here's translations and explanations for the names. Might make them easier to remember
Antoniusbuche - Antonius beech. Underneath a beech tree nearby there was an altar for the saint Antonius.
Tiergarten - Animal garden (or Zoo). Back in the medievals, this was a burial site for war horses.
Hohenrain - High edge. It's the border of a high field.
T13 - Named after a nearby grandstand (Tribüne)
Hatzenbach - Hunts brook. It's the name of the brook that runs next to the track.
Hocheichen - Tall oaks. Before the track was constructed, many tall oaks were cut down on this site.
Quiddelbacher-Höhe - Quiddelbacher-Height. A hill above the village of Quiddelbach.
Flugplatz - Airfield. In the 1930's there was a field nearby for sailplanes.
Schwedenkreuz - Swedish cross. Next to the track there's a stone cross from the Thirty Years' War. In 1638 the mayor of Kelberg were robbed and slain by Swedish soldiers on this site.
Aremberg - Aremberg (Arem mountain) is a mountain 10 kilometers northwest of this section. In the 1930's the mountain could be seen from this site.
Postbrücke - Post bridge. The track crosses the former post road between Adenau and Quiddelbach.
Fuchsröhre - Fox pipe. During the construction a fox hid in a drainage pipe here.
Adenauer Forst - Adenau Forest. The section runs through the forest of the community Adenau.
Metzgesfeld - Metzges field. The name of the field is derived from the Mertges family, who once owned it.
Kallenhard - Kallen hill forest. It's a forested hill.
Wehrseifen - Weir valley. It's a valley. With a weir. (The name can also mean "defense soap"...)
Ex-Mühle - Ex-mill. During the construction there was a mill at this site. The plan was to have the start/finish-line here, but the miller didn't provide the land required for it.
Bergwerk - Mine. Silver and led was mined here until around 1900.
Kesselchen - Little kettel. The name derives from the shape of the valley.
Klostertal - Monastery valley. There was a monastery here in the 14th century.
Caracciola-Karussell - Caracciola carousel. Named after the racing driver Rudolf Caracciola.
Hohe Acht - High field. Named by the mountain of the same name.
Hedwigshöhe - Hedwig's height. Hedwig was the wife of Dr. Otto Creutz, "the father of the Nürburgring". Hedwig used to enjoy the view from here when her husband was at the construction site.
Wippermann - Wippermann is a family name. It's also a company making roller chains. It's possible that the bumps that used to be here drew associations to a chain (but don't quote me on that).
Eschbach - Esch brook. It's the name of a brook.
Brünnchen - Little well. There's a... small well here.
Pflanzgarten - Plant garden. In the middle ages this was the location of the gardens of the count of Nürburg.
Stefan-Bellof-S (Pflanzgarten II) - Renamed in 2013 on the 30th anniversary of the record lap set by Stefan Bellof. He's the only driver who did a lap around the ring with an average speed faster than 200 km/h.
Schwalbenschwanz - Swallowtail. On the blueprints this section looked like the end of a swallowtail.
Galgenkopf - Gallowhead. It's the name of the piece of land. This was a site of execution and gallows belonging to the count of Nürburg.
Döttinger-Höhe - Döttinger Height. Named by the nearby town district of Döttingen.