After reading this thread and becoming curious I decided to do some brake testing. Before I get criticised about it, yes I know I wasn't as thorough as I could have been but I'm still quite satisfied with the results.
I used a brand new Ford GT and a fresh GT40(1969). The only modification (at first) was a brake balance controller. My test is a little different as some that have come before as I was only interested in whether the brakes lock up or not, not my stopping distance. I'm assuming that the e-brake does indeed lockup the brakes. I'm pretty sure of this. Not only does the car react accordingly at speed but I can see the results when applying both throttle and e-brake at the same time in a FF car. So my theory is if I can lock up the rear brakes it should have the same effect as the e-brake. In each test I compared the normal braking results with the e-brake results. The e-brake never let me down.
I first took the new Ford GT to Gymkhana, using the default settings (brake bias F3, R3). I got up to speed, used 100% braking, and didn't lose control at all, I was able to steer fine and it didn't spin around on me. Next I changed the brake bias towards the back all the way, F1 R24. Again, no lockup. Then I changed ASM to 0 Oversteer, and kept it at 10 Understeer. Nothing. ASM 10 Understeer, 0 Oversteer. The car understeered quite badly under the brakes, but still no lockup. I was getting a little impatient so I turned off both ASM and TCS. The car actually handled the best under braking with this setup, no lockup at all. Just to try it, I changed the brake bias F24 R1. I was still able to steer with no problem. So far I couldn't get the GT to lockup any wheels.
I started testing the GT40. No lockup on the default setting, or with a bias of F1 R24. I skipped right to no driving aids, again no problem. Using a brake bias of F24 R1 caused some understeer, but no loss of steering. I decided to try using N1 tires rather than the equiped racing tires, and it had no effect. I tried the same thing on the GT, then tried a brake bias of 24 all around on each car, both sets of tires. I never could satisfactorily lockup any wheels, except when using the e-brake, which always worked.
Although it is possible to affect the handling with the brake bias, I don't think it is possible to lockup any tires, therefore there must be some kind of ABS.
As a side note, I've always been confused with the brake bias adjustment in GT, IRL it would be a ratio between the front and rear, it isn't possible to increase or decrease both at the same time (hence bias). Usually it is just a knob that you rotate, one direction moves bias towards the front the other direction the rear. The brake pedal is attached to a bar which is connected to two master cylinders (one front, one rear). As you rotate the knob, the bar (looking from above) rotates, so if you add front bias the bar is closer to the front master cylinder and therefore you get more front braking that way.
Here is a link that has some more explanation and some info on proportion valve systems too. I've never actually seen a proportion valve system , I don't think the adjustments would be any different though.
http://members.ozemail.com.au/~earls/tilton.htm