Laguna Seca is the only licensed real track. Midfield, Cote d'Azur, and Apricot Hill are real tracks with different names. What I have read is that Seattle, Rome, Rome Night (from GT2), SS11, SS5, and Tokyo R246 are real places and roads, and could potentially exist but don't. Red Rock and Grindelwald from GT2 were also real tracks with the names changed.
Brownie points to the first person to come up with the real names of those courses.