After the Takuma Sato's and Alex Yoong's of the world have somehow managed to take up F1 seats...
Hey, Alex Yoong was pretty good in Asian F3...

Otherwise... I pretty much agree with your post.
I think the big problem, really, is the transition. No amount of open-wheeled racing, no matter how good you are, will prepare you for Formula One. The biggest hurdle for any woman... or, indeed, any North American driver going into modern F1, is that there's no preparation for F1. The racing cultures are different, the backgrounds are different... you're up against young Europeans who cut their teeth on open-wheelers from infancy (

), graduate from karts to Formula-specs like Formula Renault or Formula Ford... go on to F3, F2, whatever...
The US big ticket names will come from Indy and NASCAR... simply because that's what's most visible... granted... neither is completely about ovals, but being successful in these series requires a skill set that is slightly different from F1. As Ardius points out, these spec races suit a specific style... which may or may not be the same required for F1.
Actually... changes in specific cars in F1 from year to year show up the advantages and disadvantages of certain drivers against their team-mates... The Renault of his two championships suited Alonso very well... but the McLaren, not so much... not compared to Hamilton's smoother, less aggressive style. I don't know what's up with Kimi, but the current Ferrari seems to suit him less than Massa... although it's possible that the extra edge that made him an 11 out of 10 compared to most other drivers is actually gone (shudder).
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Could Patrick actually be a competitive F1 driver? Maybe, maybe not. Could any woman be? Depends on how many chances they are given. Women have the reflexes and the coordination to be competitive racers... in racing, the strength and speed advantage of males is not so much a factor... though endurance is a must for F1... the question is whether anyone is willing to make the concerted effort to develop programs that will encourage them to enter racing at a young age and to continue it through until they reach the professional level.