Car numbering
Unlike modern day rallying where cars are released at one minute intervals with the larger professional class cars going before the slower cars, in the Mille Miglia the smaller displacement slower cars started first. This made organisation simpler as marshalls did not have to be on duty for as long a period and it minimised the period that roads had to be closed. Since 1949 cars were assigned numbers according to their start time. For example, the 1955 Moss/Jenkinson car, #722, left Brescia at 7:22 a.m. (see below), while the first cars had started at 9 p.m. the previous day. In the early days of the race even winners needed 16 hours or more, so most competitors had to start before midnight and arrived after dusk - if at all.
Pre World War II
The race was established by the young count
Aymo Maggi and Franco Mazzotti, apparently in response after the
Italian Grand Prix had been moved from their home town of
Brescia to Monza. Together with a group of wealthy associates, they chose a race from Brescia to
Rome and back, a figure-eight shaped course of roughly 1500 km — or a thousand
Roman miles. Later races followed twelve other routes with varying total lengths.
The first race started on 26 March 1927 with seventy-seven starters
[2] — all Italian — of which fifty-one had reached the finishing post at
Brescia by the end of the race.
[2] The first Mille Miglia covered 1,618 km, corresponding to just over 1,005 modern miles.
[2] Entry was strictly restricted to unmodified production cars, and the entrance fee was set at the nominal level of 1 lira.
[2] The winner, Giuseppe Morandi,
[2] completed the course in just under 21 hours 5 minutes, averaging nearly 78 km/h (48 mph) in his 2-litre
OM;
[2]Brescia based OM swept the top three places.
Tazio Nuvolari won the 1930 Mille Miglia in an
Alfa Romeo 6C. Having started after his team-mate and rival
Achille Varzi, Nuvolari was leading the race but was still behind Varzi (holder of provisional second position) on the road. In the dim half-light of early dawn Nuvolari tailed Varzi with his headlights off, thereby not being visible in the latter's rear-view mirrors. He then overtook Varzi on the straight roads approaching the finish at Brescia, by pulling alongside and flicking his headlights on.
The event was usually dominated by local Italian drivers and marques, but three races were won by foreign cars. The first one was in 1931, when German driver
Rudolf Caracciola (famous in
Grand Prix racing) and
riding mechanic Wilhelm Sebastian won with their big supercharged
Mercedes-Benz SSKL, averaging for the first time more than 100 km/h (63 mph)
[2] in a Mille Miglia. Caracciola had received very little support from the factory due to the economic crisis at that time. He did not have enough mechanics to man all necessary service points. After performing a pit stop, they had to hurry across Italy, cutting the triangle-shaped course short in order to arrive in time before the race car.
The race was briefly stopped by Italian leader
Benito Mussolini after an accident in 1938 killed a number of spectators. When it resumed in 1940 during war time, it was dubbed the Grand Prix of Brescia, and held on a 100 km (62 mi) short course in the plains of Northern Italy that was lapped nine times.
This event saw the debut of the first
Enzo Ferrari owned marque AAC (Auto Avio Costruzioni) (with the
Tipo 815). Despite being populated (due to the circumstances even more than usual) mainly by Italian makers, it was the aerodynamically improved
BMW 328driven by Germans
Huschke von Hanstein/
Walter Bäumer that won the high-speed race at an all-time high average of 166 km/h (103 mph).